What are common characteristics of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) that influence instruction?

• A. Strength in all social interactions; no need for structure.
• B. Difficulties with social communication and interaction, restricted interests, and repetitive behaviors; supports include structured routines and visual supports.
• C. Only motor coordination challenges.
• D. Hearing impairment is the sole factor.

Answer: (B)

Students with autism spectrum disorder typically show difficulties with social communication and interaction, along with restricted interests and repetitive behaviors. Because these traits affect how they understand others, participate in classes, and stay engaged, effective instruction relies on structure, predictability, and supports that help make expectations clear.

This is why the best answer describes both the common characteristics—difficulties in social communication and interaction, and restricted/repetitive behaviors—and practical supports such as structured routines and visual aids. Structured routines reduce uncertainty, while visual supports help with comprehension, transitions, and staying on task.

Other options don’t fit because they either suggest strengths in all social interactions and a lack of need for structure, which doesn’t reflect ASD’s common challenges; focus on motor coordination alone, which misses the social-communication and repetitive-behavior features; or present hearing impairment as the sole factor, which is not characteristic of ASD.